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{"id":3078,"date":"2018-05-22T08:00:01","date_gmt":"2018-05-22T11:00:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/falafrida.com.br\/?p=3078"},"modified":"2021-01-05T01:15:16","modified_gmt":"2021-01-05T04:15:16","slug":"precisamos-questionar-o-machismo-da-linguagem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/falafrida.com.br\/opiniao\/precisamos-questionar-o-machismo-da-linguagem\/","title":{"rendered":"Precisamos questionar o machismo da linguagem"},"content":{"rendered":"Que vivemos em uma sociedade patriarcal, n\u00e3o \u00e9 novidade pra ningu\u00e9m. E que isso afeta negativamente a vida de metade da popula\u00e7\u00e3o mundial, tamb\u00e9m. O que \u00e9 mais dif\u00edcil de enxergar \u00e9 que o machismo est\u00e1 nas institui\u00e7\u00f5es, na linguagem, nas entrelinhas. A culpa n\u00e3o \u00e9 da l\u00edngua em si, mas sim do uso que fazemos dela, de acordo com o Manual para uso n\u00e3o sexista da linguagem<\/a> do Governo do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. A l\u00edngua \u00e9 o reflexo dos nossos valores, da nossa vis\u00e3o de mundo. Por isso \u00e9 t\u00e3o importante refletirmos sobre o que falamos para as crian\u00e7as. Pra come\u00e7ar, que tal espiarmos os verbetes homem e mulher do Dicion\u00e1rio Aur\u00e9lio?<\/p>\n
\nHomem<\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n1. Qualquer indiv\u00edduo pertencente \u00e0 esp\u00e9cie animal que apresenta\u00a0o maior grau de complexidade na escala evolutiva<\/em>; o ser humano. 2. A esp\u00e9cie\u00a0humana; a humanidade. 3. O ser humano<\/em>, com sua dualidade de corpo e de esp\u00edrito,\u00a0e as virtudes e fraquezas decorrentes desse estado; mortal: 4. Ser humano do\u00a0sexo masculino; var\u00e3o. 5. Esse mesmo ser humano na idade adulta; homem-feito.\u00a06. Restr. Adolescente que atingiu a virilidade. 7. Homem (4) dotado das chamadas\u00a0qualidades viris, como coragem, for\u00e7a, vigor sexual<\/em>, etc.; macho.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\nMulher<\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n1. O ser humano do sexo feminino. 2. Esse mesmo ser humano considerado\u00a0como parcela da humanidade. 3. A mulher (1) na idade adulta. 4. Restr.\u00a0Adolescente do sexo feminino que atingiu a puberdade; mo\u00e7a. 5. Mulher (1) dotada\u00a0das chamadas qualidades e sentimentos femininos<\/em> (carinho, compreens\u00e3o, dedica\u00e7\u00e3o\u00a0ao lar e \u00e0 fam\u00edlia, intui\u00e7\u00e3o). 6. A mulher (1) considerada como parceira sexual\u00a0do homem<\/em>. 7. C\u00f4njuge do sexo feminino; a mulher (1) em rela\u00e7\u00e3o ao marido<\/em>; esposa.\u00a08. Amante, companheira, concubina.<\/span><\/p>\n
\n <\/p>\n
A partir da leitura, rapidamente percebemos que a mulher \u00e9 o outro <\/i>do homem:<\/p>\n
A mulher \u00e9 o ser que n\u00e3o \u00e9 homem<\/i>.\u00a0 <\/span>Ou seja, \u00e9 uma criatura que existe em rela\u00e7\u00e3o ao homem<\/i>.<\/p>\nA mulher \u00e9 \u201cparceira sexual, c\u00f4njuge, esposa, amante, companheira, concubina\u201d. De quem? Do homem, claro. S\u00f3 a t\u00edtulo de compara\u00e7\u00e3o: por acaso o Aur\u00e9lio considera que o homem \u00e9 \u201cparceiro sexual, c\u00f4njuge, esposo, amante, companheiro, concubino\u201d da mulher? N\u00e3o! Talvez porque ele \u201capresent[e] o maior grau de complexidade na escala evolutiva\u201d (ao contr\u00e1rio da mulher n\u00e9?). Enquanto o homem \u00e9 simplesmente \u201co ser humano\u201d, a mulher \u201c\u00e9 o ser humano do sexo feminino\u201d.<\/p>\n
Notem tamb\u00e9m que as expectativas de g\u00eanero est\u00e3o muito presentes nas defini\u00e7\u00f5es acima. Considera-se homem aquele \u201cdotado das chamadas qualidades viris, como coragem, for\u00e7a, vigor sexual\u201d. J\u00e1 a mulher \u00e9 aquele ser que possui qualidades e sentimentos femininos como \u201ccarinho, compreens\u00e3o, dedica\u00e7\u00e3o ao lar e \u00e0 fam\u00edlia, intui\u00e7\u00e3o\u201d. Mas e a criatura do sexo masculino compreensiva e dedicada ao lar \u00e9 o que ent\u00e3o, seu Aur\u00e9lio? E quanto ao ser do sexo feminino que \u00e9 forte e corajoso? Seriam aberra\u00e7\u00f5es da natureza?<\/p>\n
Uma leitura que me marcou muito recentemente foi o livro Diferentes, n\u00e3o desiguais<\/a>. Logo na introdu\u00e7\u00e3o, os autores e autoras questionam o uso da “forma masculina como sin\u00f4nimo do que \u00e9 \u2018neutro’ ou \u2018universal\u2019”. Se voc\u00ea ainda acha que \u201co homem\u201d \u00e9 sin\u00f4nimo de ser humano ou da humanidade, n\u00e3o se iluda: quando algu\u00e9m fala sobre “os homens\u201d, n\u00e3o d\u00e1 pra saber se de fato as mulheres est\u00e3o inclu\u00eddas. E isso contribui para a desigualdade. A proposta dos autores e autoras \u00e9 que, ao inv\u00e9s de falar \u201cos alunos\u201d ou \u201cos professores\u201d, s\u00e3o prefer\u00edveis termos como \u201cos alunos e as alunas\u201d e \u201cas professoras e os professores\u201d.<\/p>\nVoc\u00ea pode pensar que d\u00e1 muito mais trabalho fazer isso. Concordo. Mas mudar o mundo d\u00e1 trabalho mesmo.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\nO que chamamos de uso sexista da linguagem ocorre n\u00e3o s\u00f3 nas conversas informais como tamb\u00e9m nos documentos oficiais. As leis tamb\u00e9m refletem essa hierarquia entre homens e mulheres. Maria Berenice Dias<\/a>, advogada especializada em Direito da Fam\u00edlia, destaca que a mulher s\u00f3 conquistou a condi\u00e7\u00e3o de cidad\u00e3 no Brasil em 1932, quando passou a votar. Por\u00e9m, foi somente em 1962, com o Estatuto da Mulher Casada, que sua vontade passou a n\u00e3o depender mais da autoriza\u00e7\u00e3o do marido. Isso significa que, at\u00e9 ent\u00e3o, ao se casar, a mulher perdia sua plena capacidade perante ao Estado. Outro exemplo do machismo nas leis \u00e9 que o\u00a0estupro marital<\/a> s\u00f3 foi reconhecido como crime no Brasil a partir de 2009 (Lei 10.015). No resto do mundo, apenas 52 pa\u00edses o consideram crime. Isso reflete uma vis\u00e3o de que os maridos t\u00eam direito aos corpos de suas esposas, independente da vontade delas. Vale lembrar que sexo sem consentimento \u00e9 estupro, independente do fato de a v\u00edtima ser casada com o agressor.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\nBora come\u00e7ar a revolu\u00e7\u00e3o mudando o jeito que a gente fala?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Rapidamente percebemos que a mulher \u00e9 o outro do homem; \u00e9 o ser que n\u00e3o \u00e9 o homem.\u00a0 \u00c9 uma criatura que existe em rela\u00e7\u00e3o ao homem<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3079,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[206,125],"tags":[107,144,108],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/falafrida.com.br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3078"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/falafrida.com.br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/falafrida.com.br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/falafrida.com.br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/falafrida.com.br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3078"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/falafrida.com.br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3078\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3081,"href":"https:\/\/falafrida.com.br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3078\/revisions\/3081"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/falafrida.com.br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3079"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/falafrida.com.br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3078"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/falafrida.com.br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3078"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/falafrida.com.br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3078"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}